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  Riverton Street Charter School Middle School Division

7th Grade Science 052918 Mr. Hankins

5/29/2018

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Review Aquatic Ecosystems:

Two types of Aquatic Ecosystems:
1. Freshwater Ecosystems
2. Marine Ecosystems
Freshwater Ecosystems:
  • Most of the earth is covered with water, however, only a small portion is freshwater.
  • Freshwater ecosystems include:
  1. Streams
  2. Rivers
  3. Ponds
  4. Lakes

  • Streams & Rivers:
    • Streams begin with cold and clear water flowing rapidly.
    • Animals that live here are adapted to the strong current, insects and small animals have hooks and suckers that cling them to rocks.
    • Trout have streamlined bodies that allow them to swim in rapid moving water.
    • Not many producers can grow in the fast current, therefore first level consumers feed off of leaves and seeds that fall into the streams.
    • Rivers are formed from many streams feeding into one body of water.
    • Rivers are slower moving and warmer.
    • Plants take root in the pebbles at the bottom, which provide food for insects and homes for frog and other animals.
    • These consumers provide food for many larger consumers.

  • Ponds & Lakes:
    • Ponds and lakes are bodies of standing, or still, fresh water.
    • Lakes are generally larger than ponds.
    • Ponds are shallow enough for sunlight to reach the bottom and allow plants to grow.
    • Organisms include insects, turtles, frogs, snails, toads, and fish.
    • Scavengers like catfish live near the bottom.
    • Bacteria and other decomposers feed on the remains of other organisms.
    • Lakes contain algae as their major producers.

  • Marine Ecosystems: Marine (of or relating to the sea or the plants and animals that live in the sea)
    • 4 types of marine ecosystems
  1. Estuary
  2. Intertidal Zone
  3. Neritic Zone
  4. The Open Ocean
  • Estuary:
    • where the freshwater of a river meets the salt water of the ocean.
    • Many animals use the calm waters or estuaries for breeding grounds.
  • Intertidal Zone
    • Between the highest tide line and the lowest tide line
    • Tide (the regular upward and downward movement of the level of the ocean that is caused by the pull of the sun and the moon on the earth)
    • Organisms must be able to withstand pounding waves and sudden changes in water levels and temperature due to high and low tides.
    • Animals such as barnacles and sea stars cling to rocks. Clams and crabs burrow in the sand.
  • Neritic Zone
    • The edge of the continent extends into the ocean for a short distance creating a continental shelf.
    • The neritic zone is a region of shallow water that extends over the continental shelf.
    • Sunlight passes through the shallow water which allow photosynthesis to occur to grow many producers such as algae and coral reefs.
    • The producers provide food for a zone rich in living things.
  • The Open Ocean
    • The surface zone, light penetrates only a few hundred which allows algae to grow on the surface - to feed many marine animals.
    • The deep zone is almost totally dark.
    • Most animals in the deep zone feed on the remains on organisms that sink down from the surface zone.
    • The deepest parts are home to a variety of very weird alien like looking creatures whose eyes glow in the dark.

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